Epinephrine (also referred to as adrenaline; see Terminology) is a hormone and neurotransmitter. It is a catecholamine, a sympathomimetic monoamine derived from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine. The Latin roots ad-+renes and the Greek roots epi-+nephros both literally mean "on/to the kidney" (referring to the adrenal gland, which sits atop the kidneys and secretes epinephrine). Epinephrine is often shortened to epi or to EP in American medical jargon.

Sarin, also known by its NATO designation of GB, is an extremely toxic substance whose sole application is as a nerve agent. As a chemical weapon, it is classified as a weapon of mass destruction by the United Nations in UN Resolution 687. Production and stockpiling of sarin was outlawed by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993.

Barium carbonate (BaCO₃), also known as witherite, is a chemical compound used in rat poison, bricks, ceramic glazes and cement.

Clairol is a cyclic anhydride azo diol with pale pink coloration. It was first synthesized at the University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center in May 2004.

Isomaltulose (chemical name: 6-0-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructose), also known by the trade names Palatinose and NRGylose or Xtend(tm) Isomaltulose, is a disaccharide that is commercially produced enzymatically from sucrose. It is a natural constituent of honey and sugar cane and has a very natural sweet taste. It has been used as a sugar in Japan since 1985. It is particularly suitable as a non-cariogenic sucrose replacement and is favorable in products for diabetics and prediabetic dispositions.

Entecavir (INN) () is an oral antiviral drug used in the treatment of hepatitis B infection. It is marketed under the trade name Baraclude (BMS).

Benzil is the organic compound with the formula (C₆H₅CO)₂, generally abbreviated (PhCO)₂. This diketone is used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Benzil is also employed as a photoinitiator for free-radical curing of polymer networks. Ultraviolet radiation decomposes benzil, creating free-radical species which propagate throughout polymer material, creating cross-links between individual polymer chains. Recently benzil has been identified as a selective inhibitor of carboxylesterase enzymes, proteins involved in the metabolism of esterified drugs and xenobiotics.

Oligomycins are macrolides created by Streptomyces that can be poisonous to other organisms.

Gibberellic acid (also called Gibberellin A3, GA, and (GA₃) is a hormone found in plants. Its chemical formula is C₁₉H₂₂O₆. When purified, it is a white-to-pale-yellow crystalline powder, soluble in ethanol and slightly soluble in water.

Tricalcium phosphate is a compound with formula Ca₃(PO₄)₂. It is also known as calcium orthophosphate, tertiary calcium phosphate, tribasic calcium phosphate, or "bone ash" (calcium phosphate being one of the main combustion products of bone).