Sodium benzoate (E211), also called benzoate of soda, has chemical formula NaC₆H₅CO₂. It is the sodium salt of benzoic acid and exists in this form when dissolved in water. It can be produced by reacting sodium hydroxide with benzoic acid.

N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide, abbreviated DEET, is the most common active ingredient in insect repellents. It is intended to be applied to the skin or to clothing, and is primarily used to protect against insect bites. In particular, DEET protects against tick bites (which transmit Lyme disease, several rickettsioses, tick-borne meningoencephalitis and other tick-borne diseases) and mosquito bites (which transmit dengue fever, West Nile virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, and malaria).

Serotonin () (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter synthesized in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract of animals including humans. Serotonin is also found in many mushrooms and plants, including fruits and vegetables.

Hydrochloric acid is the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). It is a strong acid, and the major component of gastric acid. It is also widely used in industry. Hydrochloric acid must be handled with appropriate safety precautions because it is a highly corrosive solution.

Cryogenine is the name for two different unrelated chemical compounds:

Ergoline is a chemical compound whose structural skeleton is contained in a diverse range of alkaloids and a few psychedelic drugs (ololiuhqui, LSD). Ergoline derivatives are used clinically for the purpose of vasoconstriction (5-HT₁ receptor agonists - ergotamine) and in the treatment of migraine (used with caffeine) and Parkinson's disease, some are implicated in the disease ergotism. Ergometrine and ergotamine are listed as Table I precursors under the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances.

4-Nonanoylmorpholine (pelargonic acid morpholide, N-nonanoylmorpholine, MPK or ??? (for ???????? ???????????? ???????), or MPA) is an amide of pelargonic acid and morpholine.

4-(methylnitrosamino)- 1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (abbreviated NNK) is a nitrosamine present in tobacco that is a potent procarcinogen. It is activated by CYP2A6. It is a biomarker of exposure to cigarette smoke. It is produced upon the curing of tobacco.

2-Pentanone or methyl propyl ketone is a colorless liquid ketone with an odor resembling that of acetone. Its formula is C₅H₁₀O. It is sometimes used in very small amounts as a flavoring food additive. Two other ketones, 3-pentanone and methyl isopropyl ketone are isomers of 2-pentanone.

Ethyl butyrate, also known as ethyl butanoate, or butyric ether, is an ester with the chemical formula CH₃CH₂CH₂COOCH₂CH₃, with one oxygen having a double bond. It is soluble in propylene glycol, paraffin oil and kerosene.